Background
Gordon Bower (left) as a graduate student at Yale, circa 1957, conducting an experiment on the physiological basis of reward and punishment, with his mentor Neal Miller (right). Miller (1909 2002) was the first psychologist to be awarded the National Medal of Science (1964). Bower went on to become a distinguished cognitive psychologist, spending his career on the faculty of Stanford University. Like his mentor, Bower was also awarded the National Medal of Science (2005). Photo courtesy of Gordon Bower.